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Lists have always played an important role in my own film education, and over the last decade or so they've taken on an increasing importance in my writing. A polemic of mine entitled "List-o-Mania"--an angry response to the American Film Institute's poll of the 100 best American movies, which provoked me into drawing up an alternative list of my own--may be the most popular piece of mine that's ever appeared in the Reader. The many responses to it eventually inspired me to come up with a list of my 1,000 favorite films for my last book, Essential Cinema: On the Necessity of Film Canons.

Lists of movie titles have become more important to cinephiles in recent years because of the need to make informed selections from the wealth of what's available on DVD. But nothing quite prepared me for the spadework behind the Web site They Shoot Pictures, Don't They?, which presents a list of the 1,000 top films drawn from more than 1,300 previous lists (including mine). This is supplemented with a blog by filmmaker Kevin Lee, who's seen more than 900 of the films in question, and two appendices of sorts: a 276-page PDF file with titles from the master list grouped by "All-Movie Guide genres, keywords, themes and tones" and a 125-page performer index.

I recently had occasion to look through portions of the 276-page groupings, which the bloggers intend as a guide to selecting films from the 1,000 that "best suit your mood at any given time." If you're wondering, as I was, how these categories play out, here are a few strange factlets I've compiled. "Genres," stretching alphabetically from "abstract film" (five titles) to "world history" (just one title, Shoah), consumes 40 pages. "Keywords," proceeding from abandon (eight titles) and ABC News (just one title, Breathless) to zombie (four titles, including Eraserhead), covers 146 pages. "Style," omitted in the above summary for some reason, stretches from "allegory" (quite a few) to "TV miniseries" (just two, the Decalogue and Heimat) and takes up only two pages; "theme," from "actor's life" (22 films) to "zombies" (three films, excluding Eraserhead), covers 30. Finally, "tone," which goes from "affectionate" to "wry" (plenty of each, but more of the latter), takes up 56 pages.

Like me, you may be puzzled about  how "world history" functions as a genre that Shoah belongs to or what the keyword ABC News has to do with Breathless. But I can see some of the other categories proving to be useful research tools.


 


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Comments
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villainx
January 22nd - 10:30 p.m.
Regarding your list, Jonathan. No Gone with the Wind? Or Cold Water?

But my main comment was for which would you, or anyone here, say is the strongest movie year? I was leaning towards 1939 because I caught Rules of the Game and Last Chrysanthemum (and love Only Angels Have Wings). But I suppose the Nouvelle vague years probably will win out.
Craig
January 23rd - 6:13 a.m.
1939 has been consistently overrrated as a movie year. I've always thought a case could be made for the early thirties being the greatest period in American movies(1930-1933)there are unsung treasures galore in this period, and only in American cinema. I could also go with 1950(Any year that contains All About Eve, La Ronde, Sunset Boulevard, Stars in My Crown, Winchester 73,Adam's Rib, Rashomon, In a Lonely place,Born Yesterday,Third Man, Furies, Kind Hearts and Coronets, and many others can't be ignored.
Oleg
January 23rd - 6:28 a.m.
1966 was the strongest year in my opinion:
such important movies as Au hasard Balthazar, Persona, Andrei Rublev, The Battle of Algiers, Blow-Up, The Round-up, Hunger, The War Game, Closely Observed Trains, Rise of Louis XIV, Red Angel, Pornographers, The Ugly Story, Stravinsky Portrait.
But I personally find the most precious part of Mr. Rosenbaum's list is the last one since 80s. Though his choice of not inclusion 'A Woman's Tale' is absolutely excusable, as he exposed me to Où gît votre sourire enfoui?, Goodbye, Dragon Inn and many other deserving films, respectively.
Craig
January 23rd - 6:42 a.m.
I meant to say "not only in american movies". I think a great case can be made for the films of the early thirties(1930-1934)So many directors even minor ones were doing their best work at this time, and the unsung treasures abound. Directors like Lacava, Dieterle, Bacon,Green, Del Ruth, Florey, Browning, Leroy,Fleming,Garnett,Wellman(with the exception of Track of the Cat), were never better.
and Major artists like Mamoulian, Lubitsch, Dreyer, Pudovkin, Ozu, Fejos,Vertov,Renoir, Vigo, Dovzhenko,Eisenstein,D'arrast,Cukor,Wyler,Medvedkin,pabst,Lang, Murnau, Feyder,Leisen, Vidor, Borzage, Walsh were producing major works. W.c. Fields and the Marx Brothers were at their artistic peaks as well.
Craig
January 23rd - 6:50 a.m.
I forgot rowland Brown, Howard Hawks,John Stahl, Max Ophuls, Clarence Brown, Lewis Milestone, and God knows who else.
villainx
January 23rd - 10:28 a.m.
Craig, but 30-34 isn't a year.

66? The only flick there that I'm familiar with is Blow Up. I'm a bad movie snob.
Adam
January 23rd - 10:32 a.m.
Jonathan, out of curiosity, I was wondering roughly how many of the TSPDT top 1000 you yourself have seen. I imagine that the number is pretty close to that of this Kevin Lee fellow. I also ask because when I notice that a particular film hasn’t made it onto your own 1000 list, I wonder whether it's the case that you haven't seen the film in question or that you just didn't think it worthy of inclusion.
binkieandmarcel
January 23rd - 11:20 a.m.
Hi Jonathan. On the subject of lists, I wonder if you could sometime offer a list/syllabus of readings for people who'd like to become film "literate." I was all-but-dissertation in English, so I know how to think about style, theme, character, etc. in literature, and I tend to judge films like novels, which obviously misses most of what makes film so unique. It's frustrating to be so clueless really when I hear people talk about "film language" etc. At this point in my life, I hardly have the time to educate myself just by watching tons of movies. I have my own favorite films, but I couln't make a very compelling case for why I like them so much, much less why they might be great films.
Jonathan
January 23rd - 12:09 p.m.
To answer some of the above queries, in ascending order:

1. Some recommended books (a short list): Noel Burch's THEORY OF FILM PRACTICE, Manny Farber's NEGATIVE SPACE (expanded edition), Andrew Sarris's THE AMERICAN CINEMA, Andre Bazin's WHAT IS CINEMA? (two volumes), James Naremore's MORE THAN NIGHT and THE MAGIC WORLD OF ORSON WELLES, Tom Gunning's book on Fritz Lang. Chris Fujiwara's book on Jacques Tourneur

2. I haven't had time to count how many of the 1000 items on the list I've seen.

3. I don't have any opinion about the strongest year for films. I tend to find this a futile exercise because no one's seen all the candidates.

4. Why no Gone With the Wind or Cold Water? Simple. Because I don't like them enough to include them.
Jason Guthartz
January 23rd - 12:34 p.m.
Not a single work in that list by James Benning, Robert Breer, Shirley Clarke, Bruce Conner, Chuck Jones, Arthur Lipsett, Len Lye, Gregory Markopoulos, et al? Only one apiece from Frampton, Gehr, Ivens, Kubelka, and Warhol? And only four from the greatest film artist of all, Brakhage? Can it get any more absurd? (Breer and Markopoulos are particularly egregious omissions.)

Elite film culture has been so hermetically isolated from the other arts of the 20th century, that very few seem to be bothered by such a pervasive bias in favor of so-called "narrative" film (which is actually very abstract, by focusing on concepts like "story" and "characters" rather than what is actually projected onto the screen). As long as critics are preoccupied with reflecting a type of politically-correct cosmopolitanism -- name-checking "foreign" films in order to avoid being labeled "provincial" and to appear "hip" -- and fail to call into question modes of perception, then the true scope of the art of cinema will continue to be conveniently ignored.

binkie - besides Jonathan's books, I'd recommend Stan Brakhage's "Metaphors on Vision", P. Adams Sitney's "Visionary Film", Bruce Kawin's "How Movies Work," and David Bordwell's "Ozu and the Poetics of Cinema" (currently out of print, but incredibly insightful - even if you've never seen an Ozu film). Some links you might find helpful:
http://www.restructures.net/chicago/film-links.htm...
Andy Horbal
January 23rd - 1:51 p.m.
Mr. Rosenbaum,

Will you be revisiting your American Films list now that the AFI is revisiting theirs?
Jim Gerow
January 23rd - 1:51 p.m.
I think Jonathan's list strikes a very good balance among narrative, documentary, avant-garde and animation, feature-length and short, American and foreign films. I'm grateful for the link to the They Shoot Pictures list. The scale and comprehensiveness of the project would seem to make it more worth studying than most of the individual lists. I expect that the list will become most interesting for me as I work my way down toward the bottom, where I'll find more titles I haven't seen yet (of the top 200 there's only one I haven't seen, The Travelling Players).

Also a very helpful book list for rounding out my collection. Of the less well-known titles, I'm going to order Tom Gunning's book on Lang. I also want to re-read Manny Farber's book. The Chris Fujiwara book on Tourneur, The Cinema of Nightfall, is excellent.
villainx
January 23rd - 5:21 p.m.
"I tend to find this a futile exercise because no one's seen all the candidates. "

Ha. Which is different from the exercise of 100 American movies, 1000 favorite movies, Best of the 90s, annual top 10, because it's not futile? or everyone has seen the candidates? or both?

"Some recommended books (a short list)"

I would also add Jonathan's PLACING MOVIES.
Ignatius
January 23rd - 5:35 p.m.
But villainx, I think the difference is that Jonathan's lists more readily admit their subjectivity ("favorite films"), whereas th AFI list, or the Schrader list (for a more recent example), or an descriptor like "the best year for film" suggests an air of "academic" inquiry, a (perhaps subconcious) attempt to seem objective. I don't think we'd have as much of a problem with the AFI list if it was called "The 100 Favorite Movies of the Members of the American Film Institute." Then we'd just be saying, "Oh, well, some of these are shoddy choices, and it's pretty obvious they have't seen a lot of movies, but, on the whole, some of these are pretty good choices." Monolithic lists or statements require study of similair proportions.
Danny Onions
January 23rd - 7:35 p.m.
No “BEST OF” list is ever going to satisfy everyone, but maybe that’s beside the point. Lists tend to be very subjective (as to the personality and experience of their creator) and are insightful for their inclusions as well as omissions. Maybe the disgust generated by the “AFI’S BEST OF” lists is due to the sense of definitive they attempt to impart coupled with the (added insult) hidden agenda of marketing DVD’s. After all, what are the Oscars, but a glorified “BEST OF” list that’s also a thinly veiled attempt to market Hollywood’s wares. I just wish lists were more a little more imaginative: the list I keep (and constantly revise) is “10 Movies I Haven’t Seen, But Want To”. After a dozen years of searching out Jacque Rivette’s “OUT 1” I finally got to scratch that off my list. Sadly, Stroheim’s “McTeague” still tops my list, closely followed by Welle’s “When are you going to finish Don Quixote?”
villainx
January 23rd - 8:39 p.m.
Ignatius, eh, my shoddy sentence structure fail me as I was responding to Jonathan's view of a best year choice as" a futile exercise" because "no one has seen all the movies", even while he merrily makes his assorted lists.

Was meant to be a friendly jab.
Cole
January 23rd - 10:14 p.m.
villainx: I hope you don't mind me saying, but it seems you aren't that familiar with Mr. Rosenbaum's criticism.

There is a world of difference between being asked for "the best year for film" (as though it can be answered objectively) and Mr. Rosenbaum's "best lists" (a self-aware subjective exercise). It is the same difference between Paul Schrader's film canon and Mr. Rosenbaum's 1000 favorite films. When Mr. Rosenbaum makes his lists, he is quite aware of their subjectivity and how much he has yet to see (when talking about the great Japanese directors, he confesses that he has yet to experience a Naruse film). When the ilk of Paul Schrader and the AFI make their lists, it comes as across as some grand, objective, and unassailable statement, as though subjectivity were totally absent from their enterprise and that they have seen all that there is to see. When one looks at Paul Schrader's canon, one notices which films are missing. When one looks at Mr. Rosenbaum's list, one notices which films are mentioned.
Adam
January 24th - 10:11 a.m.
The worst thing about the They Shoot Pictures website is that it features inane reviews by someone named Dan Schneider. Here's an example:

http://www.theyshootpictures.com/review_vertigo.ht...
binkieandmarcel
January 24th - 10:28 a.m.
To Jonathan and all of you who responded to my request for a film studies reading list, thanks. I forgot to mention that I have read several of Jonathan's books, with pleasure and instruction, but they are the only books on film that I've read besides those of Stanley Cavell.
Andrew
January 25th - 3:10 a.m.
I, like Kevil Lee, am watching films from the They Shoot Pictures (TSP) Top 1000 list (which changes every 6 months). It's a less personal, more general list that's been a wonderful starting point for a 20-year-old novice cinephile. It contains most of the basics for a cinematic education, as well as many still underrated films near the bottom: Irving Lerner’s Murder by Contract is one example. I too have enjoyed films from Jonathan's own personal Top 1000 list: Bunuel's The Young One and Fuller's White Dog are two gems missing from the other list. I suppose Mr. Rosenbaum tires of hearing: "Where is Casablanca?” or “Where is Gone with the Wind?" I enjoy his lists more because they are highly personal selections, which are not as much influenced by cultural pressures or critical consensus as are other populist lists.

Also: there is a checklist website which They Shoot Pictures links: http://www.listsofbests.com/list/591
Mike Bartlett
January 26th - 4:12 a.m.
Hi, Jonathan. Since the publication of your 1,000 list, it's acted as a great guide for what to seek out. But I'm puzzled - where's Chimes at Midnight? Didn't you at one point pick this as one your top ten films of all time? Surely it's as good as Kane, Ambersons and Touch of Evil?
Jonathan
January 27th - 4:07 a.m.
This was sheer, embarassing oversight--along with my omission of Flaming Creatures in the same list. I'm owning up to both errors in an Afterword I've written for the eventual paperback edition of Essential Cinema.
Mike Bartlett
January 27th - 11:41 a.m.
Phew - that's a relief in a funny kind of way - it's always been a personal favourite of mine. I look forward to the paperback edition of Essential Cinema - will there be other changes from the hardback version?
Jonathan
January 28th - 3:08 a.m.
No. My only option is adding this brief afterword, which I've also written for the Spanish translation of the book (coming out first--I don't yet have a date for the American paperback).
David Ehrenstein
February 7th - 9:13 a.m.
My List:

1. Those Who Love Me Can Take the Train (Patrice Chéreau, 1998)
2. 8½ (Federico Fellini, 1963)
3. The Night of the Hunter (Charles Laughton, 1955)
4. Un condamné à mort s'est échappé (Robert Bresson, 1956)
5. La Commune (de Paris, 1871) (Peter Watkins, 2000)
6. The Red Shoes (Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger, 1949)
7. Lola Montès (Max Ophuls, 1955)
8. La Cicatrice Interieure (Philippe Garrel, 1972)
9. The Devils ( Ken Russell and Derek Jarman, 1971).
10. Performance (Donald Cammell and Nicolas Roeg, 1970)




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